Confluence REST API: Features, Types, Examples

In the following sections, we shall learn how Confluence REST APIs work, and their features along with some examples.

• The demand for APIs is booming in parallel with the increasing adoption of digital technologies.
• As companies strive to enhance the pace of their operations, streamline procedures, and provide a better overall customer experience across all industry verticals, APIs have become a focal point for the development of software solutions to achieve those goals. 
• APIs allow various internet services to communicate with one another. With APIs, users can retrieve data from another program without having to deal with the user interface of the source application. 
• APIs, for example, are used to provide navigation in mobile apps, authenticate consumer bank account information, and connect a patient’s data with third-party billing. 

Introduction to Confluence

• Confluence is a team collaboration application by Atlassian that allows team members to communicate as a group by discussing tasks, recording decisions, commenting on documents, and more. 
• When new team members join, Confluence provides them with context and history regarding the projects at hand and the team itself.

Understanding REST Architecture

• REST, which stands for Representational State Transfer, is a software architectural style that establishes a framework for client-server communication via the internet. 
• REST is a set of software design restrictions that promotes system performance, scalability, simplicity, and dependability.

Understanding REST API

1. A REST API is a set of protocols that specify how various apps communicate via HTTP. The information flow is quick and efficient in this technique.
2. Because data formats aren’t pre-defined, they may be used for a wider range of purposes and is simpler to create. 
3. REST APIs have, therefore, become the standard protocol for web-based APIs and are a popular choice among web developers. They allow users to search for items and have the results returned by the service from which they made the request.
4. To make APIs RESTful, programmers must adhere to a set of guidelines while creating them. The REST set of constraints will make the APIs easier to use and find, making it easy for a developer who is just getting started with these APIs to understand how to leverage them. 
5. These constraints are Uniform interface, Client-server separation, Stateless, Layered system, Cacheable, and Code-on-demand.
6. After receiving and processing an HTTP request, a REST API will provide an HTTP response. The HTTP status code is included in this response. This code contains information about the request’s outcomes. 
7. The status code may be checked by an application issuing API calls, and actions can be taken based on the result. These might include resolving errors or sending a success message to a user.
8. It is important to note that HTTP status codes appear on all requests made by users. They come in a variety of sizes and are categorized into five types. The first digit denotes which group a code belongs to:

• 1xx – informational
• 2xx – success
• 3xx – redirection
• 4xx – client error
• 5xx – server error

Understanding Confluence REST APIs

Confluence REST APIs can be used for a variety of tasks, including creating pages, deleting pages, adding comments, and creating spaces. However, for REST APIs, Confluence only supports two authentication methods:

• Basic Authentication

It is a simple authentication method built into the HTTP protocol. In this, the encoded username and password are sent by the client which can be easily deciphered hence it is not ideal and thereby not recommended.  

• Using Confluence as OAuth 2.0 Provider

By using any OAuth/OIDC one can authenticate the REST APIs,  and an access token can be fetched from the OAuth/OIDC which gets revoked after some time, thus making it a more secure and powerful method.  

The Confluence REST API Authentication plugin allows users to authenticate Confluence REST APIs using any third-party OAuth 2.0 provider/OpenID connect.

Features Of Confluence Server REST API

• CRUD: The Confluence REST APIs in Confluence allows you to access resources (data entities) via URI paths. Your application will perform an HTTP request and interpret the result to use a Confluence REST API.

The response format is JSON by default for a Confluence REST API. The normal HTTP methods include: GET, PUT, POST, and DELETE. Because the Confluence REST API is built on open standards, you can use it with any web development language.

• Pagination: The Confluence REST API employs pagination, which is a technique that delivers a response containing many objects but can only return a certain amount at a time. This keeps response sizes small and saves server resources.

• Expansion: To restrict the number of requests to the Confluence REST API and the size of the responses, the Confluence REST API employs resource expansion. Some elements of a resource are not returned until they are expressly requested. This streamlines replies while reducing network traffic for the Confluence REST API.

Confluence Server REST API

The Confluence Server REST API is for administrators who wish to script Confluence Server and Data Center interactions, as well as developers who want to interface with or build on top of the Confluence platform.

Examples:

• Browsing Content

curl -u admin:admin http://localhost:8080/confluence/rest/api/content/ | python -mjson.tool

• Read Content and Expand the Body:

curl -u admin:admin http://localhost:8080/confluence/rest/api/content/3965072?expand=body.storage |

python -mjson.tool

Examples:

• Create a New Page as a Child of Another Page:

• Update a Page:

Confluence Cloud REST API

This Confluence REST API is the primary way to retrieve and edit data in Confluence Cloud, whether you’re building an app or another integration.

Examples:

• Browsing Content:

curl -u admin@example.com:api_token https://your-domain.atlassian.net/wiki/rest/api/content/ | python -mjson.tool

• Read Content and Expand the Body:

curl -u admin@example.com:api_token https://your-domain.atlassian.net/wiki/rest/api/content/3965072?expand=body.storage | python -mjson.tool

Examples:

• Browsing Content:

curl -u admin@example.com:api_token https://your-domain.atlassian.net/wiki/rest/api/content/ | python -mjson.tool

• Read Content and Expand the Body:

curl -u admin@example.com:api_token https://your-domain.atlassian.net/wiki/rest/api/content/3965072?expand=body.storage | python -mjson.tool

Conclusion

1. This article introduces you to the basics of REST API and the key constraints that govern its architecture.
2. It also offers a brief overview of Confluence REST APIs and discusses its authentication methods. We also discussed the Confluence Cloud REST API and its examples.
3. The REST architectural style is one of the most popular techniques to construct APIs and Python has several useful tools that can be used for both retrieving data from REST APIs and creating your own Python REST APIs. 
4. Read more about Python REST APIs along with key considerations and comprehensive examples. 

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