MariaDB is a popular Relational Database Management System used for eCommerce websites, Content Management Systems, logging applications, etc. However, other Databases such as PostgreSQL excels MariaDB in terms of performance.
You can simply migrate from MariaDB to PostgreSQL manually using CSV files or open-source data migration tools like pgloader. You can also use third-party tools to eliminate manual intervention & completely automate the process.
In this article, you will learn how to effectively migrate MariaDB to PostgreSQL using 3 different methods.
How to Connect MariaDB to PostgreSQL?
To set up the MariaDB PostgreSQL connector, you can follow any of the 3 methods given below:
Method 1: Automate MariaDB to PostgreSQL Connection using Hevo
Hevo is a No-code Data Pipeline solution that can help you seamlessly replicate data in real-time from 150+ data sources(Including 50+ free sources) like MariaDB to Databases such as PostgreSQL, Data Warehouses, or a destination of your choice in a completely hassle-free & automated manner.
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Without the need for manually extracting CSV files & uploading them to PostgreSQL, you can effortlessly replicate data from MariaDB to PostgreSQL using Hevo by following the simple steps given below:
- Step 1: To replicate data from MariaDB to PostgreSQL, you can first configure MariaDB as a source by providing your MariaDB credentials such as your Database User and Password. You will also need to give the Database host, Port, and a unique name for this Pipeline.
- Step 2: For completing the process to replicate data from MariaDB to PostgreSQL, you can start by providing your PostgreSQL credentials such as your Database User and Password. You will also need to give Database Host, Port, schema & a unique name for this destination.
This completes the No-Code & Automated method of connecting MariaDB to PostgreSQL using Hevo.
More reasons to Love Hevo:
- Reliability at Scale – With Hevo, you get a world-class fault-tolerant architecture that scales with zero data loss and low latency.
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- Auto-Schema Management – Correcting improper schema after the data is loaded into your warehouse is challenging. Hevo automatically maps source schema with the destination warehouse so that you don’t face the pain of schema errors.
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Learn more about Hevo
For more information on the data migration process, read the Hevo documentation:
Method 2: Manually Replicate Tables from MariaDB to PostgreSQL using CSV files
Using a brute force approach to replicate tables one at a time, you can export your MariaDB tables as CSV files and then upload them to PostgreSQL. To get started with this manual MariaDB to PostgreSQL method, follow these steps;
- Step 1: MariaDB accepts similar SQL commands to MySQL. Using the Into Outfile command, you can export your MariaDB table as a CSV file. For instance, consider exporting the “employee” table as an employees.csv file by running the following commands:
select * from employee
INTO OUTFILE 'employees.csv'
FIELDS ENCLOSED BY '"'
TERMINATED BY ','
ESCAPED BY '"'
LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';
COPY employees(emp_id,first_name,last_name,dob,city)
FROM ‘C:employees.csv’
DELIMITER ‘,’
CSV HEADER;
By following the same procedure for other tables, you can easily replicate data from MariaDB to PostgreSQL. However, this can be a time-intensive task if the number of tables is huge.
Method 3: Manually Migrate from MariaDB to PostgreSQL using pgloader
Pgloader is an open-source tool that allows you to load data from databases like MySQL, SQLite & MS SQL Server to PostgreSQL. Though MariaDB offers additional features, it offers the same enterprise requirements as MySQL i.e. software that supports MySQL is compatible with MariaDB. To get started with MariaDB to PostgreSQL Migration, follow these simple steps:
- Step 1: You need to first update & upgrade the apt package in your instance.
apt update && apt upgrade -y
- Step 2: Install pgloader for your MariaDB PostgreSQL Integration process.
apt install pgloader
- Step 3: You can verify that installation is done successfully by checking the version of pgloader installed.
pgloader --version
- Step 4: Assuming that you have created the desired PostgreSQL database in your instance, run the following command to start the MariaDB to PostgreSQL Integration process.
pgloader mysql://mysqluser:password@<mysql-server>:<mysql-port>/<source-database> postgresql://<pgsql-role>:password@<pgsql_server>:<postgresql-port>/<target-database>
Here, you may face an error if pgloader is unable to effectively perform the data type conversion as you move from MariaDB to PostgreSQL. You can easily fix this by executing the cast modifier commands first and then Step 4. For instance,
pgloader --cast "type float to real drop typemod" \
--cast "type int to integer drop typemod" \
--cast "type bigint when (= 20 precision) to bigint drop typemod" \
Also, note that pgloader also performs data reformatting during the MariaDB to PostgreSQL transfer. For instance, the transformation of MySQL datestamps 0000-00-00 and 0000-00-00 00:00:00 to PostgreSQL NULL value. You need to keep this modification in mind while designing an application that uses this PostgreSQL database.
This method allows you to only replicate data from MariaDB to PostgreSQL without any data transformation. For cases, where you need to update data every day or hour, this approach becomes exhausting. To remedy this, you can use cloud-based No-Code ETL tools like Hevo Data that completely automate the process in a matter of minutes.
If you are looking to streamline your PostgreSQL workflow, do read our blog on PostgreSQL import CSV, saving you time and effort. And if you’re interested in optimizing performance and achieving high availability, don’t miss our guide on setting up PostgreSQL clusters [+clustering options].
Why Connect MariaDB to PostgreSQL?
MariaDB is a popular RDBMS, though it has its drawbacks. Migrating from MariaDB to PostgreSQL allows you to leverage the following benefits:
- PostgreSQL outperforms MariaDB in terms of reads and writes and is, therefore, more efficient.
- You can use PostgreSQL Materialized views for expensive joins and aggregation that are frequently performed.
- Using Partial Indexes, PostgreSQL allows an index for a subset of the data. This is especially useful for recently inserted or frequently queried data.
- Offering better performance than MariDB’s query cache, PostgreSQL uses an internal cache and the server’s page cache for retrieving frequently accessed data.
Conclusion
In this article, you have learned about 3 different methods to effectively connect MariaDB to PostgreSQL. If you know SQL and only need a few tables to replicate from MariaDB to PostgreSQL without any data cleaning, you can use the CSV files method.
If you need to perform a one-time database replication with no transformation, you can try the open-source tool pgloader. However, if you require to frequently replicate data with complex data transformations & standardization, then Hevo is the right choice for you!
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Hevo Data, a No-code Data Pipeline can replicate Data in Real-Time from a vast sea of 150+ sources like MariaDB to Databases like PostgreSQL, Data Warehouses, or a Destination of your choice. It is a reliable, completely automated, and secure service that doesn’t require you to write any code!
Want to take Hevo for a ride? Sign Up for a 14-day free trial and simplify your Data Integration process. Do check out the Hevo Pricing details to understand which plan fulfills all your business needs.
Share your experience of setting up MariaDB Postgres Integration! Let us know in the comments section below!
Sanchit Agarwal is a data analyst at heart with a passion for data, software architecture, and writing technical content. He has experience writing more than 200 articles on data integration and infrastructure.